英国皇家医学会公布十大错误生活习惯(今天改还来得及!)
作者:卫报
翻译:侃哥
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今天的文章刊登于最近的英国《卫报》(The Guardian)。
《卫报》是一份英国老牌报刊,和《泰晤士报》、《每日点讯报》并称“英国三大报”。
《卫报》以其观点独立、不受各种势力左右为特色,使很多政界人士、知识分子、白领和年轻读者成为其拥趸。
下面这篇文章介绍了英国皇家医学会(AoMRC)最近研究成果,列举了40个错误的生活习惯,并给出了原因和建议。很多都颠覆了我们的三观。侃哥觉得这篇文章很有价值,又能学英文,又能涨知识。
我从40个建议中,挑选了同学们中枪几率最大的10个,并给出了我的翻译和语言点整理。
对了,如果你想看全篇英语文章,请点击文末左下角的“阅读原文”。
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Introduction
引子
If you’ve ever washed out a wound with saline instead of tap water or requested an x-ray for lower-back pain, you’re a fool. According to a list drawn up by the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, both practices are pointless; doctors only go along with them because they’re terrified that you will turn on them if they don’t.
如果你曾用盐水而不是自来水洗伤口,或者腰背疼就要求拍X光,那你就太傻了。根据一份来自英国皇家医学会出具的一份列表,上述做法都是毫无意义的。医生之所以遵从这些,只是因为如果不这样,你就会责怪他们。
1. wash out a wound:冲洗伤口
2. saline:盐水
3. tap water:自来水
4. lower-back pain:背部下方疼痛
5. draw up:起草
6. pointless:没有意义的
7. go along with:遵从
8. turn on:责怪、责备
1
Taking vitamin C supplements
吃维生素C片
If you feel a cold coming on, it’s pointless to reach for the vitamin C tablets. Study after study has concluded that – unless you live in a frozen wilderness, smoke an incredibly large number of cigarettes or subject yourself to extreme physical stress on a regular basis – vitamin C won’t do anything.
当你觉得自己有要感冒的迹象,这时求助于维生素C片毫无意义。许多研究已经证实,除非你身处冰天雪地,抑或是烟瘾缠身,又或是有规律地进行高强度体能锻炼,否则维他命C对你产生不了任何帮助。
1. a cold coming on:现在分词短语作后置定语,表示“快要来的”
2. reach for:寻求…的帮助
3. vitamin C tablets:维C片
4. …after…:许许多多的
5. wilderness:旷野
6. an incredibly large number of:极大量的
7. subject sb. to:受制于、使某人受到…的束缚
8. on a regular basis:有规律地
9. …won’t do anything:没有用(useless)
2
Washing your jeans
洗牛仔裤
The sensible thing to do with dirty clothes is to wash them. But the CEO of Levi’s has advised that you should never do so with jeans, because washing them makes them look bad. Instead, why not try rubbing off stains with a toothbrush?
我们看到脏衣服,一般都会去把它们洗干净。但是李维斯牛仔品牌的CEO却建议我们永远不要洗牛仔裤,因为牛仔裤洗了之后就没有型了。倒不如试着用牙刷刷掉污渍。
1. sensible:普通的、正常的
2. do so with:对…做(上述的事),so这里是省略上文动作的用法
3. make …look bad:让…看上去不好
4. rub off stains:擦掉污渍
3
Drinking eight glasses of water a day
每天喝八杯水
You don’t need to drink eight glasses of water a day. The figure first appeared in a recommended dietary allowance guide in the US 70 years ago, and it doesn’t take into consideration your age, your height, your weight or your activity level. Instead, just drink until your wee is no longer dark. That means you’re hydrated.
你并不需要每天喝八杯水。70年前,这个数字首次出现在美国一本广受推崇的膳食指南里面。可是这个数字并没有考虑到不同人不同的年龄、体重和运动量。其实只要喝水喝到尿液颜色变浅,那就证明水喝够了。
1. recommended…:广受推崇的…
2. take into consideration…:把…考虑进来
3. wee:(口语)尿
4. hydrated:含水的(就是不需要再补充水了)
4
Washing your hair every day
每天洗头
Nobody in the history of the world washed their hair as much as we do now. Daily washing is thought to be unnecessary. Every couple of days is good, or less if your hair is curly. Or never at all, if you want people to avoid you like the plague.
纵观世界历史,没有人比我们现在的洗头更勤了。每天洗头被认为是没有必要的。其实隔几天洗一次就行了。如果你的头发是自然卷,还可以适当减少洗头次数。如果你不怕别人像躲瘟疫一样躲你的话,一辈子都不洗也没关系。
1. Nobody in the history do sth. as much as we do now:历史上没有一个阶段比我们现在更勤快地(做某事)
2. Every +一段时间:每隔一段时间(every a week:每隔一周; couple of:几个)
3. or less:文中此处中间断句,这并不是一个短语
4. curly:卷曲的
5. plague:瘟疫
5
Peeling vegetables
给蔬菜削皮
Most of a vegetable’s insoluble fibre is in its peel. Stop throwing away delicious fibre, you weirdo.
大多数蔬菜的不可溶性纤维都在皮里面。所以别再扔掉“甘美”的纤维了,你这傻瓜。
insoluble:不能溶解的(不可溶)
fibre:纤维(美式:fiber)
peel:皮(惊人:英语和汉语发音、意思无比接近)
you weirdo:你这个傻瓜(一种调侃的说法)
6
Communicating with words
用文字交流
Still using words? Please. Emoji is now the fastest-growing language in history, thanks to its ability to bypass international barriers.
还在使用文字吗?求别再用了。由于能避免各国间的语言障碍,表情文字无疑是历史上发展最快的语言系统。
1. Emoji:表情文字
2. fast-growing:发展迅速的
3. bypass:超越
4. barrier:障碍
7
Pressing the ‘close door’ button in a lift
在电梯里按关门按键
As tempting as it is to hammer the “close door” button in a lift when you see your arch-enemy approaching, there’s no point. It’s most likely a placebo button, designed to give you the illusion of control and stop you remembering that you’re in a metal box dangling from a wire 45 metres in the air.
当在电梯里的你,看到你不想看到的人快步走来,没什么比猛敲“关门键”来的更有诱惑力了吧,但是这并没什么卵用。这个“关门键”更像一个“安慰按钮”,它被设计出来的目的仅仅是制造一种“控制感”的幻觉,让你忘记自己正身处一个被绳索吊着的、离地45米的金属箱子里。
1. tempting:诱人的
2. there’s no point:it’s pointless(毫无意义)
3. placebo:安慰剂
4. illusion:幻觉
5. dangle:悬挂
8
Discarding out-of-date food
丢掉过期食品
When food reaches its sell-by date, that doesn’t mean it suddenly becomes poisonous – it means that the supermarket has guessed this stock should be rotated. Unless it smells terrible or is covered in mould, you’re probably fine.
达到保质期的食物,不以为着它马上就有毒了,而意味着超市可能要把这批食物换下架了。如果食物没有变味,表面没有发霉的话,吃了过期食品也没关系。
1. sell-by date:保质期
2. stock:库存
3. rotate:轮换
4. mould:霉
9
Napping
打盹
Last month, a doctor from the University of Tokyo claimed that regular, hour-long, daytime naps can boost the risk of type 2 diabetes by up to 45%.
上个月,一位来自多伦多大学的医生认定一个规律的、长达一小时的白天的打盹会把Ⅱ型糖尿病糖尿病的患病风险拉高45%。
1. napping:打盹儿(动名词,指“打盹”这种动作;nap是其名词)
2. claim:认为、声称
3. hour-long:长达一小时的
4. boost the risk of:提高…的几率
5. up to:高达
10
Learning to drive
学车
The driverless car revolution is only a few years away. You can get the bus until then.
无人驾驶汽车的革命很可能几年后就来临。在那之前,可以凑活挤挤公车先。(别费劲学驾驶了。)
1. driverless car:无人驾驶汽车
2. be only+一段时间 away:只剩多少时间
上面几种生活习惯你中枪了吗,中了几枪?或者你还听说过哪些生活常识其实是错误的,欢迎在文末写留言分享。